Evidence On Global Warming Essay Example for Free

Evidence On Global Warming Essay Svante Arrhenius was really an erudite as he was the pioneer in discovering the concept as early as 1886 in the absence of many modern technical instruments and super computers. During December 1995, United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC] , an international network of more than 2,550 scientists have confirmed that there existed many evidence of global warming and such phenomenon could not be denied ,though it is difficult to quantify. With the help of precise satellites measuring equipments and with the assistance of super computers, scientists have irrevocably proved that there are firm ground for the existence of global warming on the basis of process of large quantity of weather data’s. The other evidences of global warming are as follows: ? Tanzania’s Mount Kilimanjaro legendary snows have melted down about 81% since 1912 and it would completely disappear by the year 2020. ? Bermuda’s coastal mangrove forest is annihilated by rising sea levels. ? Over the past forty years, world ocean temperature has increased by a net 0. 12 degrees Fahrenheit. ? Glaziers at Himalayas in India are withdrawing at a record speed and it is predicted by scientists that all eastern and central Himalayan glaziers will vanish by 2025. ? Pakistan witnessed the longest drought from 1999 to 2001 which had affected about 2. 3 million people and about 16. 1 million livestock. ? As compared to 20 to 40 years before , the ice volume in Arctic ocean has decreased by 40% ? In Washington D. C, Cherry trees have advanced their blooming season. ? Europe has witnessed an extreme heat wave in 2003 and more than 25,100 people were died. ? During May 2002, southeastern parts of India witnessed heat wave which exceeded more than 120 degrees Fahrenheit and more than 1210 people died.

The Evolution of Media Essay -- Communication, New Media, Old Media

The evolution of media, from old media to new media, has transformed the way we understand the world around us. New media is interactive and is user-generated while old media is a more traditional way of communicating through television, radio, newspapers, magazines, books, etc (Lecture Notes. January 12, 2011). New media gives us a new perspective by allowing us to interact with one another through the Internet. Media has become much more personal and diverse as user-generated content becomes more prominent in our lives (Lecture Notes. January 24, 2011). We are exposed to various viewpoints shape our understanding and knowledge of the social world, but does the form of media actually affect the way we understand the content which is presented to us? For my paper, I will determine whether or not the medium is the message by analyzing two different types of media sources and how they affect our understanding of the content. For my old media source I have chosen a news clip from the CB S Evening News with Katie Couric that deals with the ongoing Egyptian uprising. For my new media source I have chosen a video blog, or ‘vlog’, by an Egyptian man named Omar who discusses the crisis in Egypt from a personal point of view. Both media sources deal with the same topic, but result in different understandings of the crisis. Although both mediums focus on the same issue there are a lot of differences between the two. The CBS news clip uses a lot of visually dramatic effects to engage the audience and to get them to feel a certain way. In the news clip there are several images of violence by both the protestors and the police, however most videos are shot from the viewpoint of the police. This may be simply for safety reasons, however this le... ...ts. By simply posting a picture on Facebook, a movement for basic rights began. Since the users create the content of new media, people are able to inspire a mass audience. In conclusion, the medium is the message. The way that information is presented to us plays a key role in our understanding of the topic itself. By framing the crisis in Egypt a particular way, both the old and new media sources are able to give the audience two separate understandings of the social and cultural issues at hand. The media is less interested in telling the audience about the actual story and more interested in the underlying messages of society they provide. These underlying messages lead us to define social and cultural issues the way that the media want us to. Since the media sell us both products and ideas, both personalities and worldviews, the message becomes the medium.

Christian Perspective on Physician-Assisted Suicide Essay

Throughout our lifetimes, we are faced with questions that sometimes seem impossible to answer. Everyone is guided by something (or someone) when It comes to making choices both big and small. When it comes to issues of a moral nature, â€Å"three-quarters of all Americans claim their religious beliefs are the primary Influence on how they find guidance In their lives. † (O’Mathuna and Amundsen, 1998) What is the Christian perspective on physician-assisted suicide (PAS)? While the topic certainly inspires debate, conclusions can be reached using examples from the Bible, cripture verses regarding life and death, and denominational statements. There are seven recorded accounts of people in the Bible choosing to end their own lives. (Because the Bible does not speak specifically of PAS, insights will be drawn using examples of suicide. According to the Bible, killing Is killing; no matter who commits the act for what reason. ) Abimilech, Samson, Ahithophel, King Zimri, King Saul, Saul’s armor bearer, and Judas Iscariot. While there is no specific command in the Bible condemning the choice to end one’s own life, the depictions of the aforementioned characters are not those of a positive nature. Abimelech seizes power in his lifetime by conspiracy and murder of 70 of his own half-brothers. He is not chosen or appointed by God. After being mortally wounded by having a woman drop a stone on his head, he asks that his armor bearer run him through with his sword so that no one can say he was killed by a woman. The passage states that his death repaid the wickedness he had done to his father by murdering his brothers (Judges 9:50-57, New International Version). Samson is gifted by God with amazing strength. However, he ignores God’s commandments and lives a life tainted with trickery and sexual Immorality. He dies after being held prisoner by his enemies when he tears down a temple to which he has been tied. It collapses killing Samson and everyone else inside Oudges 17:29-30, NIV). Saul becomes the first king of Israel after being warned by God that Israel’s desire for a human king Is a rejection of the kingship of God. Saul; eventually becomes alienated from God, his family, and his people. His jealousy leads him to attempt murder on more than one occasion. Saul becomes wounded during battle and has no one to turn to for help and refuses to seek Cod. He asks his armor earer to help him die, and after he refuses (and then immediately takes his own life), Saul chooses to fall on his own sword (1 Samuel 31:1-6, NIV). Oftentimes in the New Testament, self-destructive behavior (suicide) Is associated with demon possession. Though the suicide of Judas Iscariot in the New Testament is recorded without comment, Judas was called a traitor, a devil, a thief, and a son of perdition. Judas betrayed Jesus. claiming he never knew him. The weight of his guilt lead him to hang himself. â€Å"A similar analysis of all the other suicide accounts reveals a consistent pattern. Nowhere is suicide praised or commended. In fact, the lack of explicit comment on the suicides could Just as easily be viewed as a negative evaluation. † (O’Mathuna and Amundsen, 1998) There is one last mention of suicide in the New Testament, yet its conclusion is full of hope and life. Two characters, Paul night, Paul and Silas were praying and singing to God in the midst of their suffering. A violent earthquake shook the foundation of the prison, opened all the cell doors, and loosened all of the chains of the prisoners. The Jailer was awakened and for fear of being killed once prisoners escaped, he drew his sword to kill himself. But Paul shouted and insisted that he not harm himself because no one had escaped. Paul and Silas then spoke with the Jailer about God’s love and salvation. The Jailer was filled with Joy because he had come to believe in God (Acts 16:24-34, NIV). Christians believe that the Bible is the spoken word of God through his people. They believe that the Journey of Jesus Christ from birth to death on a cross demonstrates how they are called to live even in the midst of pain and suffering.

The Automobile Industry Of The American Industry - 929 Words

The modern automobile was refined in Germany and France in the late 1800s, American however, dominated the industry via Henry Ford who built his first Car in 19896 and went on to revolutionize the automobile industry by inventing the assembly line. The major automobile companies in the American Industry are global corporations. Notable are following companies with some of the cars they produce; General Motors - Produces Chevrolet, Pontiac, Buick and Cadillac; Daimler Chrysler - Chrysler, Jeep and Dodge, Maybach; Ford Motor Company - Ford, Lincoln, Volvo; Toyota Motor Company – Pirus, Corolla, Hilux; Honda Motor Company – Ballade, Jazz, CRV. In 1999, the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers was formed by General Motors, Ford Motor Company, Daimler Chrysler, BMW, Volkswagen, Volvo, Toyota, Mazda, and Nissan Motor Company to enable them to work together on public policy matters of common interest and to provide credible industry information and data, and seek consistent global regulatory standards. (Gale, 2004) Updated technology is a mainstay in the automotive industry and the different players have come up with varying innovative ideas. According to a study conducted by J.D. Power and Associates in 2002 based on over 27,000 new vehicle buyers. The study showed that 60% of the buyers referred to the internet before making purchases. An additional 88% visited the auto websites before for a test drive. Technology has given rise to innovation that has set the companies apartShow MoreRelatedThe American Automobile Industry977 Words   |  4 PagesThe American Auto Industry has flourished ever since it’s uprising in the early 1900s. â€Å"Although the blueprint for the modern automobile was perfected in Germany and France in the late 1800s, Americans dominated the industry in the first half of the twentieth century. Henry Ford innovated mass-production techniques that became standard, with Ford, General Motors and Chrysler emerging as the â€Å"Big Three† auto companies by the 1920s (Foner Garraty 1991).† But this industry has always been one of theRead MoreAmerican Automobile Industry1162 Words   |  5 Pages-American Automobile Industry- As we move towards a globalized business world, new competitors have risen from developing nations. These nations now pose a threat to the many industries still stuck in their old ways. One industry in particular is the American auto industry that has seen a large fall in their earnings. Japan is one nation who has revolutionized the auto industry through Toyota. The world is growing and with this growth we see a need for energy and with it has come a high price atRead MoreAmerican Auto Industry : The American Automobile Industry1040 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican Auto Industry The American Auto Industry began in the late 1800 s and grew to be one of the largest of it s kind in the world. The industry also encompasses many global automobile and auto parts manufacturers across the country. Production rise and fall over the past decade has dropped the American Automobile Industry into the number two spot in the global market just behind China. The Big Three,comprised of General Motors, Ford Motor Company, and FCA US(formally known as Chrysler)Read MoreThe United States And The American Automobile Industry917 Words   |  4 PagesThe Auto Industry in the United States has flourished ever since it’s revolution in the early 1900s. â€Å"Although the blueprint for the modern automobile was perfected in Germany and France in the late 1800s, Americans dominated the industry in the first half of the twentieth century. Henry Ford innovated mass-production techniques that became standard, with Ford, General Motors and Chrysler emerging as the â€Å"Big Thr ee† auto companies by the 1920s (Foner Garraty 1991).† Henry Ford’s focus was to produceRead MoreEnvironmental Challenges Of The American Automobile Industry979 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Challenges in the American Automobile Industry The American Auto Industry has grown ever since it s upgraded in the early 1900s. â€Å"Although the design for the modern car was produced in Germany and France in the late 1800s, Americans controlled the industry in the first half of the twentieth century. Henry Ford innovated mass production systems that enhanced model, with Ford, General Motors and Chrysler beginning as the Big Three auto firms by the 1920s ,(Foner - Garrity 1991) ButRead MoreGlobal Competition For American Automobile Industry1095 Words   |  5 PagesThe American automobile industry has quite a history. From the sale of the first Ford Model A on July 23rd, 1903 (Ford Motor Company, n.d), to the first Corvette rolling off the assembly line June 30th, 1953 (http://corvettestory.com/1953-Corvette-C1-First-Year-Modest-Beginnings.php, n.d.), to the automobile crisis and bailout from 2008 to 2010, and to many other historic achievements and crisis’ throughout the lifespan of the industry. This report will focus on the environmental challenges thatRead MoreThe Automobile Industry Influenced The American Economy1012 Words   |  5 PagesIn 1769, the first automobile, a steam-powered carriage that would carry up to four people at two miles per hour, was created. Years pass as gasoline engines, wheels, and a steering device were added to the automobile, which began to make it useful but expensive (â€Å"The Invention of Automobiles†). They were hand-crafted at this time, therefore making it unaffordable. Until Henry Ford introduced the assembly line in 1913, automobiles remained expensive. His discovery of the assembly line turned theRead MoreA Brief Note On The American Automobile Industry1270 Words   |  6 PagesToday’s auto industry is characterized by competition, both global and local, as well as a definite drive to make faster, cleaner, and more fuel-efficient vehicles. American automobile manufacturers have responded to the global competition by ai ming to be more productive, and improving their cars in order to compete with the market overseas. What kind of competition are the American auto companies facing from foreign markets? Global Competition The American OEM’s (original equipment manufacturers)Read MoreNorth American Automobile Industry Environmental Analysis773 Words   |  4 PagesNorth American Automobile Industry Environmental Analysis Global competition in the industry Of the top 10 automobile manufacturers globally, in 2014, America is represented 3 times, by Ford, General Motors and Fiat-Chrysler. The two top selling manufacturers, Toyota and Volkswagen Group are Japanese and German respectively (â€Å"Leading automobile manufacturers†, 2015). This indicates that there is significant, global competition and that competition is currently better placed than the American manufacturersRead MoreU.S. Automobile Manufacturing in the Twenty-First Century1540 Words   |  7 PagesThe innovation of the automobiles had a significant social and economic impact on the United States. In the early 1900s, Henry Ford was well known for establishing the Ford Motor Company and five years after he launched his company, he introduced the first Model T (History.com, 2013). During this time, automobiles were considered luxuries, and 10,000 Model T automobiles were sold that year (History.com, 2013). In the 21st Century, automobiles are no longer luxuries b ut necessities. In addition

Herbert Spencer, Social Darwinism, Personal Thoughts

A Biography of Herbert Spencer, His Contributions to Sociology, and How my Personal Thoughts Were Awakened Jessica McCreary CCBC Dundalk Abstract This paper discussed the life of Herbert Spencer (Spencer) and his contributions to the field of Sociology found from print (textbook) and non-print sources (online). Each article touched base on Spencer’s life, but each described it differently. Over all, the article discussed how Spencer was homeschooled and raised by his father and uncle (Delaney, 2003) and how he was the founder of social Darwinism and how he â€Å"coined the term ‘survival of the fittest,’† (Ferris, K., Stein, J., 2014, p. 21). Spencer’s major books that he has written are in this paper as well. This paper also discusses how my own personal thoughts were awakened by his theoretical concept of social Darwinism. Keywords: Spencer, social Darwinism, personal thoughts A Biography of Herbert Spencer, His Contributions to Sociology, and How my Personal Thoughts Were Awakened Many people have suggested that Charles Darwin coined the term â€Å"survival of the fittest,† but it was actually coined by Spencer as he referred to the changes in a society (Ferris, K., Stein, J., 2014, p. 21). All of Spencer’s ideas and theories on social Darwinism were thought of even before Charles Darwin began exploring the idea of evolution (Wee, A., 2013). To understand how the idea of social Darwinism came about, the life of Spencer should be researched. This paperShow MoreRelatedCharles Darwin, The Most Influential Nineteenth Century Evolutionary Thinker1176 Words   |  5 Pagessummarizes his theory of evolution with the thought of struggle for survival, or natural selection. Furthermore, natural selection is the idea of groups of species surviving through generations by adapting to changes in the environment and using certain characteristics as an ad vantage. In addition, natural selection challenged traditional ideas about nature and world order, and it was also taken steps further by many thinkers. English philosopher, Herbert Spencer, saw the human race driven forward to ever-greaterRead MoreOn the Origin of Species1846 Words   |  8 PagesDarwin’s preference, Herbert Spencer did exactly what Darwin hoped to avoid by publishing numerous works supporting his own, new thesis of â€Å"Social Darwinism,† which claimed that Darwin’s principles of evolution directly applied to the formation of human societies. Although Spencer’s application of Darwinian evolutionary ideas was specifically not what Darwin intended, it was an unavoidable consequence of the nature of Darwin’s discoveries paired with the unique upbringing of Spencer. Although there wasRead MoreSocial Darwinism And Its Effect On Society1069 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"survive,† are called Social Darwinists. Social Darwinism i s a competition between groups in society, usually resulting in the most fit, or most capable, coming out on top. Social Darwinists argue that the strong’s power and wealth should increase, whereas the weak’s should decrease. There are different views as to who these weak and strong groups are, but all Social Darwinists agree that the strong should be rewarded and the weak punished. The concept of Social Darwinism is based off of CharlesRead MoreHow Did Life Start?1696 Words   |  7 Pagescreated the world or two, the world today is a product of evolution. It is only natural to want to have a firm grasp on the answer. These questions are not something to simply have a quick concise answer. To get to the root of the question requires thought and time, Charles Darwin expressed his answer in the form of a book. When Darwin wrote The Origin of Species, it was a product of its time; remarkably over 150 later it is still a substantial read. To understand the jaw dropping response of CharlesRead MorePresident Reagan Essay797 Words   |  4 PagesChloe Carr Professor Blodgett History 271 May 14 2013 Social Darwinism Shaping Reaganomics Ronald Reagan made many economic decisions that supported his beliefs in Social Darwinism throughout his presidency. Social Darwinism is considered to be the ideas of struggle for existence and  Ã¢â‚¬Å"survival of the fittest,† a term coined by Herbert Spencer in order  to justify social policies. Over time the individuals with superior biological characteristics will dominate populations that this superRead MoreHerbert Spencer Essay13142 Words   |  53 Pages[pic][pic] [pic] [pic][pic] Herbert Spencer | |    |Biography: Herbert Spencer | Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) was an English philosopher, scientist, engineer, and political economist. In his day his works were important in popularizing the conceptRead MoreThe Age Of New Imperialism1944 Words   |  8 Pagesthat had racist ideologies at the root. These pseudo-sciences were constructed to rationalize the imperialism during the 19th century. This paper will discuss some of the most influential sciences produced during the late 19th century, including social Darwinism, eugenics, and phrenology, that were used to justify British Imperialism and how they supported imperialism. White is the supreme race, non-White people are inferior, White people are the ones with all the achievements in the world – these ideologiesRead More Business Ethics Essay1522 Words   |  7 Pagesthree great philosophers – Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle – flourished in the 5th and 4th centuries BC. Their ideas have served ever since as the cornerstone for the Western ethics. In the later Greek and Roman periods, the two dominant schools of thought, Stoicism and Epicureanism, represent important approaches to the question of how one ought to live. The Middle Ages did not give birth to any major new ethical theories. It is worth mentioning that Christian ethics is distinguished from the philosophicalRead MoreCritical Analysis of the Descent of Man by Charles Darwin2552 Words   |  11 Pagesevident that man is not a separate art of creation and is descended of a common progenitor like all other mammals and though questions can be raised against his theory in terms of Imperialism (when it comes to his own personal feelings towards another section of the society), Social Darwinism ( which gained new heights after the publishing of Darwin’s book) and homosexuality when it comes to explaining it in terms of sexual selection and though Man may have the highest of intellectuals and though he exhibitsRead MoreEugenics : Past Shames, Future Hopes2185 Words   |  9 Pagesthe ability to pre-screen such traits as gender, eye color, stature, hair color and texture: intelligence, predisposition to certain illnesses, diseases, ailm ents and various physical anomalies are also similarly able to be screened. This type of personal use availability is coined in the article backdoor eugenics because of the public ease in obtaining such testing kits. This is not to negate the amazing awesomeness, when used properly, and undeniably powerful viability of the properly regulated

Murder Has Always Been A Fascinating Element In Fiction

Murder has always been a fascinating element in fiction that catches the audience s attention. The unbalanced main characters in the two murder stories, The Cask of Amontillado and A Rose for Emily drive the plots of the stories. Montresor and Miss Emily, the murderers in each story, engage the readers, allowing them to have a different perspective on their actions and similar motives of murder. A close examination of the way Montresor, the narrator of The Cask of Amontillado, and Miss Emily, the protagonist of A Rose for Emily, commit the action of murder towards their victims demonstrates how authors Edgar Allan Poe and William Faulkner use this entire concept to display the main characters’ similar traits. Similar but having different†¦show more content†¦In Poe s story, for example, Montresor ensures that the house is empty before Fortunato arrives. Montresor mentions that There were no attendants at home; they had absconded to make merry in honour of the time. I had told them that I should not return until the morning, and had given them explicit orders not to stir from the house. These orders were sufficient, I well knew, to insure their immediate disappearance, one and all, as soon as my back was turned. (Poe 180). Montresor also makes sure that Fortunato is completely drunk before he lures him to the Amontillado. In Faulkner s story, Miss Emily is aware that she will murder Homer the moment she purchases the arsenic from a druggist. When the druggist asks her what she will be using the arsenic for, she intentionally just stared at him, her head tilted back in order to look him eye for eye (Faulkner 632). Faulkner indicates here that Miss Emily will not be using the arsenic for rats, but will instead use it to kill Homer. Like one another, Montresor and Miss Emily deviously plot out their murders to avoid any possible suspicion. In addition to having the same motive and strategic planning for their murders, Montresor and Miss Emily do not feel any sympathy towards their victims. For example, Montresor is seen to feel no remorse when he chains up Fortunato and deliberately attempts to provoke him with mockery: For the love of God! (Poe 183). From this point on, MontresorShow MoreRelatedCriminal Profiling : The Criminal Investigative Approach, And The Scientific Statistical Approach Essay1516 Words   |  7 PagesOpening Informal criminal profiling has a long history. It was used as early as the 1880s, when two physicians, George Phillips and Thomas Bond, used crime scene clues to make predictions about British serial murderer Jack the Ripper s personality. For years, law enforcement investigators, academics, mental health experts, and the media have studied serial murder, from Jack the Ripper in the late 1800s to the sniper killings in 2002, and from the â€Å"Zodiac Killer† in California to the â€Å"BTK Killer†Read More Criticism of Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray Essay examples1120 Words   |  5 Pagesunsigned review in Athenaeum, called the book â€Å"unmanly, sickening, vicious (although not exactly what is called ‘improper’), and tedious.† (Beckson   82) Charles Whibley, journalist and writer for the Scots Observer, wrote that Mr. Oscar Wilde has again been writing stuff that were better unwritten and went on with ...it is false to human nature-for its hero is a devil; it is false to morality-for it is not made sufficiently clear that the writer does not prefer a course of unnatural iniquity toRead MoreEssay on Vengeance in Truman Capotes In Cold Blood2075 Words   |  9 Pag esand age the term â€Å"murder† is coined as a word used in everyday language, albeit fifty years ago in the [rural] heartland of America, that word evoked emotion out of the entire town’s population. Prior to writing In Cold Blood, Truman Capote had written several pieces that lead him to writing a piece of literature that would infuse fiction and nonfiction, thus In Cold Blood was created, albeit after six years of research (â€Å"Truman† 84). Truman Capote is one of the more fascinating figures on the AmericanRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Devil Of The White City 1851 Words   |  8 Pagesfilled with shortages, deaths, and awful communication. The second narrative is centered around H.H. Holmes, one of America’s first notorious serial killers. His narrative takes place in his â€Å"Murder Castle† and shows his complicated history and his numerous credit scams, identity scams, and most importantly, murders. It is also important to note Pa trick Prendergast, an Irish immigrant who ends up assassinating the mayor of Chicago. These plots occur at the same time leading to the destruction of theRead MoreEssay about The Power of Horace McCoy’s They Shoot Horses, Don’t They?2674 Words   |  11 PagesThis student produced a focused, organized, well supported essay. Nearly half a century has passed since most films and texts in the Noir tradition were created, yet one may wonder how much is really known about these popular American products. Scholars remain fascinated by many aspects of Film Noir, yet it appears that its fictional precursors (such as the texts of Cain, McCoy and Hammett) may have been too quickly ignored within the canon. Many have enthusiastically studied, for example, FilmRead MoreThe Injustice Of Dou E Essay1585 Words   |  7 Pagesalternate type of execution and exhibited as another sort of substance to the viewers, can demonstrate multi-faceted creative energies regarding narrating. The story is an exemplary profoundly perceived both from artistic and stage points of view. It has always been adjusted in front of an audience, from the Ming and the Qing Dynasties and additionally in China after 1949. The creator utilizes strange taboos to portray this present reality, and the chief can encapsulate the space in a dreamlike way. The identityRead MoreThe Gothic Elements in the Picture of Dorian Gray4109 Words   |  17 PagesAbstract In an attempt to find out the purposes of the gothic elements in The Picture of Dorian Gray, this essay takes a close look at the three most prevailing gothic elements in the novel: the portrait, decadence, and the gothic villain by first exploring their presence and development throughout, and then examining their contributions to the characters, the plot development and the themes. First of all, the unique properties and symbolic meanings of the portrait in this novel are discussed. TheRead MoreEssay about The Life and Literary Works of Shirley Jackson4264 Words   |  18 Pagesfirst she was in the School of Journalism, but then she decided to transfer to the English department. For the next two years, while at Syracuse, Shirley published, fifteen pieces in campus magazines and became fiction editor of The Syracusan, a campus humor magazine. When her position as fiction editor was eliminated, she and fellow classmate Stanley Edgar Hyman began to plan a magazine of literary quali ty, one that the English Club finally agreed to sponsor. (Friedman, 21) In 1939, the first editionRead MoreA Room of Ones Own Essay3982 Words   |  16 Pagesfocus on Women Fiction shifts to a consideration of women writers, both actual writers and ultimately one of the author s own creation. The special interest here is one raised earlier in the work: the effect of tradition on women s writing. Woolf believes that women are different from men both in their social history as well as inherently, and that each of these differences has had important effects on the development of women s writing. Women writers, this is to say, have been treated differentlyRead More Edgar Allan Poe: Life and Works Essay2848 Words   |  12 Pagesgenius of his time. His works may seem eccentric but beneath the words and stories lies a solemn, alone boy whose only way of comfort and relief was through his pen. Of the critical reviews I have studied pertaining to Poe, never has such a varied difference of opinions been presented or suggested towards a writer. It is thought that his life had a major influence on his writing and by reading many of his pieces I agree with that statement. Edgar Poe was born in Boston on January 19, 1809 to actors

Business Organisation and Policy

Question: Describe about the Business Organisation and Policy? Answer: Introduction A $20billion garment industry, Rana Plaza collapsed in Bangladesh on April 24th. Investigation found that the building of Rana Plaza violated the building codes and also was illegally constructed. It was also reported that the 28brands housed by Rana Plaza including the Bonmache, Matalan, Mango, Bennetton and Primark that relied on the workers of Rana Plaza for achieving cheap labour failed to give attention on the health and safety regulations of the workers. This incident has pointed fingers on the consumerism ethics in the western societies. This clearly demonstrated the absence of effective organizational values, culture, unclear vision, poor working conditions and poor compliance. In this context, the present report aims at highlighting the importance of ethical consumerism and ways that these companies use to reduce or prevent re-occurrences of such events. The report also discusses the values, consumerism and environmental friendliness of Co-Op one of the ethical supermarkets of UK. Ways To Improve Business Practices To Prevent Reaccurances As per theory of Kantian Business ethics, the rational decisions taken should always be motivating and ethical. Being ethical mainly includes relating to the guidelines or norms for a right lead or practice. A business is never absolved from these tenets and standards. The business ought to dependably be fair and faithful to their labourers and customers. Rana Plaza, a Bangladesh processing plant, was dishonest. They didn't take after the construction regulations and also did not take after the security warnings. In the event that they acted ethically 1,132 lives could have been spared and 2,500 individuals would have kept their arms, legs, and would have the capacity to walk and continue with their lives (Arnold and Harris, 2012). Also, as indicated by Utilitarianism Theory, the activity is regarded moral in the event that it elevates bliss to the most extreme measure of people. On the other hand, the labourers of the Bangladesh Rana Plaza plant were not content with their wages, ho urs, and working conditions. Indeed the piece of clothing organizations like Bonmache, Matalan, Mango, Bennetton and Primark housed by Rana Plaza were not upbeat that their organization's name is connected with this disaster. Subsequently, this activity is esteemed deceptive. This proves that the organizations working with Rana Plaza failed to recognize the issues that the workers are facing. They lacked in ethical consumerism (DesJardins and McCall, 2005). Ethical consumerism is termed as individual utilization where decision has been educated by a specific moral issue be it human rights, social equity, the earth or creature welfare (Bell, n.d.). Consumers are demonstrating an expanding enthusiasm for moral parts of distinctive items, counting reasonable exchange, safe working conditions for makers and representatives, and maintainable and environmentally-friendly natural assets administration. Organizations, in the same way as the ones said in the concentrate above, can look to reaffirm the good measurement of buyer decision by accentuating the connections in the middle of generation and consumption, locally and international (Lewis and Potter, 2011). The necessary requirements that the companies need to focus for maintaining the ethics are quality and cost that remain the most significant factor to majority of the consumers, trustworthy information and also caring and strong brands (Worcester, n.d.). This disaster has harmed the reputation of around 28 brands that sourced from Rana Plaza. These companies can create public awareness related to the ethical issues and can also increment the disposable income. This would give the consumers different opportunities to employ a moral conscience. Recent survey report of Mintels found that 76% of UK consumers are ready to pay regard for the ethically footprint items, including assembling and appropriation forms, and additionally increases the brand reputation overall. The ethical treatment of labourers was additionally found to impact 44% of buyers when making a buy. This demonstrates that Ethical apparel has added to an altogether different notoriety as of late (Mintel.com, 2015). Once s aved for just the most genuine eco-warriors, ethical fashion is presently unmistakable vicinity on the UK high road. Generally, ethically made articles of clothing were accessible just through premium brands; however a various mid-size business brands have now entered the business, making it much more reasonable for the normal customer. Source: (Ethical Consumer Markets Report, 2013) This above statistic clearly demonstrates that there has been overall 3% increase in the consumption of ethical personal products that included clothing also. However, there is just 1% decrease in the ethical clothing consumption. Further, the average ethical spends per house hold for clothing is 48 in 2012, compared to 23 in 2000 (Ethical Consumer Markets Report, 2013). Additionally, these changing fashion trends of the consumers have also exerted pressure on the supply chain process of the garment companies. Purchasers pressure industrial facilities to convey quality items with ever-shorter lead times. Most processing plants simply don't have the devices and skill to deal with this successfully, so they put the press on the labourers (Irwin, 2015). The increment in the measure of garments individuals consume additionally has outcomes for nature. Statistics recommend that, UK purchasers send 30kg of garments and materials every capita to landfill every year and that 1.2 million tons of apparel went to landfill in 2005 in the UK alone. Some organizations have begun to address issues connected with quick fashion through training their purchasers in to make purchasing practices. Other fashion organizations have decided to incorporate reused materials and attire in their accumulations, or to raise buyer awareness about the benefits of ethically sourced, great quality design things instead of ease, quick form (Ethicalfashionforum.com, 2006). Thus, the above mentioned companies that sourced from Rana Plaza can emphasize on maintaining effective CSR process. CSR is perceived as the most essential instrument for the association to build their execution and manage in this aggressive world. Yet, this exchange brings up an issue concerning how this CSR helps the UK business in enhancing their execution and how they find themselves able to fulfil their clients through this instrument. Bangladesh is a crucial production centre for these organizations and full starting assessments of all partner manufacturing plants in the nation are required with subsequent checks (Rheannon, 2013). CSR department staffs ought to visit destinations that oblige change and give practical direction to procuring construction and fire anticipation security accreditation, approving finance computations, and enrolling worker work hours in light of the particular conditions at every site. They ought to work with its partner industrial facilities to decre ase the ecological effect of its business exercises with an essential concentrate on the generation forms that have the best effects, remember its obligation to guarantee fitting acquisition and creation works on, beginning with the obtainment of crude materials and tries to be a positive impact and effectively advances exercises and dialog on nature with all significant partners (Fast Retailing CSR Report, 2014). Consumerism, Values And Environmental Friendliness Of Chosen Organization Buyer exploration demonstrates that a noteworthy extent of UK customers effectively relates numerous ethically sourced items as premium items, and that they are ready to pay a premium for ethic characteristics (IGD Consumer Research 2008). Sales of organic items grew by 13.4 % in the previous year crosswise over Europe, up compared to 9.3% in 2007. The purchaser is foremost and understanding his/her needs and needs, activities and thought processes is an aggregate obligation. Producers regularly neglect to put resources into comprehension what customers need, what they do, and why (Fearne 2008). This will inexorably bring about their business fate lying in the hands of others. Therefore, various supermarkets have already started focusing on fresh foods, pieces and bits. According to the Ethical Consumer report Co-Op is the leading brand that is mainly focusing on ethical consumerism in UK supermarkets as shown below: Source: https://moralfibres.co.uk/most-ethical-uk-supermarkets/ The Co-Op Group is the prime mover of all retail preservationists. It spearheaded Fairtrade, won the Business Commitment to the Environment award in the wake of diminishing its carbon outflows by 86%, and the Environment Leadership Award from Business in the Community (Retailresearch.org, 2012). Ethical Consumerism: A ethical exchanging pioneer and the first general store to dispatch a Fairtrade affirmed own-brands, Co-Op group have an expressed plan to "standard" Fairtrade. Their expansive range of items incorporates seasonal products like Easter Eggs and Fairtrade wines. All the eggs sold are complimentary variety, and those utilized as a part of items will be by 2010. All chicken is complimentary variety or high welfare indoor-raised, and pigs will be the equivalent by autumn 09. Co-Op group scores 95% in the Business in the Community corporate social obligation record. All the parts of Co-Op group, which has moral strategies all through and is obviously co-operatively claimed (Waterman, 2007). The Co-Op purchased Somerfield in 2008, and the Somerfield brand will be re-marked and ideally acquired line on the morals front (Make Wealth History, 2009). According to the Ethical Consumer Survey, the most essential advancements for moral shopping in Co-Op throughout the followi ng 25 years will be: better ethical marking; more Fairtrade items; more noteworthy straightforwardness from organizations; clasping down on assessment evasion; and more prominent utilization of online networking to impart moral shopping decisions (Murray, 2014). Values: The Co-Operative group aim beyond just the corporate social responsibility and profit. They always followed their 150 years core values of solidarity, equality, equity, democracy, self-help and self-responsibility. They are quite aware that there is only limited resources within which they have to operate, thus their value also emphasizes on protecting the environment. They aim to deliver their stakeholders in environmental and social way (Co-operative.coop, 2015). The ethical values that the brand focuses on are: caring, social responsibility, honesty and openness (Co-operative.coop, 2015). Environmental Friendliness: The main aim of the Co-Op Group is to develop a zero waste society (Co-operativefood.co.uk, 2015). Co-Op is the sustainability Leader among the stores, as well as in business full stop. About 100% of power is renewable, and runs its own wind farms and uses micro era. The organization is mainly focused on lessening packaging. The association predominantly concentrates on 3R's of Environment System: Reducing, Recycling and Reuse (Co-operative.coop, 2015). Reducing: The organization have already decreased the packaging weight by 15%. The other reductions include weight of Californian wine bottles to 530 tonnes glass, modification to pre-printed film on soft fruits from plastic lids etc. They are further looking to reduce more by seeking after more weight diminishment, expanding reused substance and enhancing client reusing offices. Further, the organization has also expanded their work with Fareshare. It is a national charity that mainly works for drink and food industry for redistributing surplus food to the needy people to decrease waste in their stores. Recycling: The organization recycle around 60% of their waste. They mostly use the mobile phone recycling scheme for the UK consumers. Through this process they have raised around 350,000 for Oxfam. Reuse: By reusing their plastic food transportation crates, the Co-Op has saved around 12,500 tonnes of cardboard in 2011. They have also launched the Fairtrade cotton carrier bag. Recommendations For improving the issues so that repeated occurrences do not happen are: Quarterly Audit can help these organizations that source from the clothing manufacturers to review their operations and processes. This would help them to monitor their environmental conditions and also help them to be accountable for environmental and labour audit. This auditing process would help them to identify the missing information and also pay attention on the health and safety needs of the labourers they are working with. Sustainability reporting can also help the organization to publically converse about their social, economic and environmental performance. This would also help them to address the needs of the real market and initiate and promote their corporate responsibility and align their strategic business goals with their corporate practices. Conclusion In conclusion, ethical consumerism is a developing phenomenon. The report highlights that it is a noteworthy driver of an assorted scope of ethical ways to exchange. Alternative methodologies such as reasonable exchange, protection driven exchange and the exchange natural produce started as business sector corners yet are making their vicinity felt in the business standard. Social, animal and ecological welfare issues are likewise being tended to by the standard itself with the selection of a plenty of standards by the retailers and makers of fresh and organic products. The report initially highlights the ethical consumerism ways that the companies like Bonmache, Matalan, Mango, Bennetton and Primark should follow to prevent reoccurrences of events that happened with Rana Plaza. The section mainly discussed the Kantian and Utilitarian theory of business ethics to relate the issue of Rana Plaza, then focused on the demands of consumers with respect to ethics and then the roles and res ponsibilities of CSR departments. The next section discussed the ethical consumerism, values and environment friendliness of Co-Op. References Arnold, D. and Harris, J. (2012). Kantian business ethics. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar. Bell, P. (n.d.). Presentation: Ethical Consumerism: what is it and how can you make it work for you?. [online] sfdf.org.uk. 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